摘要：

【目的】全面扫描国际预印本发展情况，为中国预印本管理提供科学化决策依据。【方法】以Web of Science平台集成的预印本数据库为基础，以arXiv、bioRxiv、medRxiv、ChemRxiv、Preprints等主要平台发布预印本为数据来源，分析学科布局、机构分布，构建学术影响力、社会影响力指标模型，分析国际国内预印本发展态势及影响力。【结果】2023年国际主要平台发布预印本总量为26.0万篇，主要集中在计算机科学人工智能、数学、计算机科学软件工程等领域，获得较多学术引用和社会影响。按照第一作者国家统计，2023年中国预印本总量为3.5万篇，较2022年增长81.2%，集中在计算机科学人工智能、计算机科学软件工程、数学等领域。【结论】预印本已成为加快科学交流的有效渠道，中国预印本规模和学术影响力均快速增长。建议制定和推广预印本发表与引用政策、认可预印本作为科研人员代表性成果，以提升我国预印本影响力。

关键词: 预印本, 学术影响力, 社会影响力

Abstract:

［Purposes］ This study aims to comprehensively scan the development of international preprints and provide a scientific decision-making basis for the management of preprints in China. ［Methods］ Based on the preprint database integrated into the Web of Science platform, we utilized preprints published on major platforms such as arXiv, bioRxiv, medRxiv, ChemRxiv, and Preprints as data sources. We analyzed the disciplinary layout and institutional distribution, constructed academic and social influence indicator models, and assessed the development trends and influence of preprints both domestically and internationally. ［Findings］ In 2023, the total number of preprints published on major international platforms is 260 thousand, mainly concentrated in fields such as computer science artificial intelligence, mathematics, and computer science software engineering. The preprints receive significant academic citations and social impact. According to statistics of the first author's country, the total number of preprints in China in 2023 is 35 thousand, an increase of 81.2% compared to 2022, primarily concentrated in fields such as computer science artificial intelligence, computer science software engineering, and mathematics. ［Conclusions］ Preprints have become an effective channel for accelerating scientific exchanges, and the scale and academic influence of preprints in China have grown rapidly. It is suggested to formulate and promote policies for the publication and citation of preprints, recognizing preprints as representative achievements of researchers, in order to enhance the influence of preprints in China.

Key words: Preprint, Academic influence, Social influence