［Purposes］ This study evaluates research integrity policies to provide references for improving the construction of research integrity systems and optimizing the research environment. [Methods] We regarded the implementation of research integrity policies as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on the retracted paper data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) from 2013 to 2022, we employed the interactive fixed effect model to assess the impact of this policy on the number of retracted papers. Robustness tests, placebo tests, and heterogeneity analyses were carried out to further confirm the effectiveness of the policy. [Findings] The implementation of research integrity policies can significantly increase the number of retracted papers. After adding control variables, the implementation of research integrity policies will increase the number of retracted papers by about 10.8. The implementation effect of research integrity policies varies significantly in different regions of the country. The implementation effect is significant in the central and western regions, with the average number of retracted papers increasing by about 15.2. In contrast, the implementation effect in the eastern and northeastern regions is not significant. [Conclusions] We should continuously promote the implementation of research integrity policies. We need to promote the implementation strategy of research integrity policies in different regions by classification. We must strengthen the gatekeeping role of scientific journals in the construction of research integrity and improve the quality of academic research in multiple ways.

[Purposes] This study aims to analyze the global trends of retracted papers with fake peer reviews and explore the new trends of retracted papers in China, offering references for the construction of scientific research integrity. [Methods] By integrating the Retraction Watch database, Web of Science database, and international scientific journal monitoring and early warning data, we analyzed retracted papers with fake peer reviews in terms of growth trends, disciplinary fields, country distribution, and reasons for retraction. We also examined the characteristics of Chinese retracted papers regarding early warning journals, open access, author institutions, and fund sponsorship. [Findings] Globally, retracted papers with fake peer reviews display a significantly uneven distribution. The main accompanying reasons for retraction include non-reproducibility, being investigated by publishers, and fraud. The problem of retracted papers with fake peer reviews in China is prominent. The quantity approximately accounts for three-fourths of the global total, which is far higher than that of other countries. Moreover, it exhibits a clear trend of concentration in early warning journals, a tendency of predatory open access, and a distribution feature with primary hospitals being the main source. [Conclusions] Fake peer review is turning into a prominent new issue in the governance of scientific research integrity in China. Large-scale retraction events reflect systemic loopholes in the academic publishing process. Among them, the factor of poor management by journal publishers may be more prominent. Addressing retracted papers with fake peer reviews demands coordinated governance by administrative departments, journal publishers, and researchers. Also, joint efforts should be made in aspects such as infrastructure, mechanism and process, the spirit of scientists, the early warning system of academic journals, and scientific research integrity archives, so as to build a scientific research integrity management system with active monitoring.

[Purposes] Leveraging big data theory and related technologies, the scientific journals' data are utilized to construct an indicator system for recording scientific research integrity. The proposed framework aims to provide a reference for promoting scientific research integrity. [Methods] Adopting literature review and comparative analysis, we organized current research status domestically and internationally, integrated relevant big data technologies, and designed an evaluation indicator system. Feasibility of the system was validated through case analysis, forming the basis for proposing a framework for scientific research integrity records. [Findings] In the case analysis, research integrity records of five groups of notified researchers and non-notified researchers are compared pairwise. Chi-square tests reveal significant differences in evaluation indicators such as the ratios of journal retractions, corrections, peer challenges, flagged journal publications, and expressions of concern to SCI-indexed papers. [Conclusions] Indicators such as the ratios of the total number of journal retractions, corrections, peer challenges, publications in flagged journals, and expressed concerns to SCI-indexed papers can effectively evaluate researchers' scientific research integrity. This indicator system provides a basis for constructing a framework for scientific research integrity records.

[Purposes] This study aims to perfect the theory of scientific research performance evaluation, prevent research misconduct problems of young scientific and technological workers, and assist in judging the risks of academic misconduct of submitted papers and authors. [Methods] With 1979 researchers in the field of cell biology as the research objects, we adopted the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and visualization methods to explore the impacts of retraction events in the early career on scientific research performance indicators such as the number of publications and total cites. [Findings] Retraction events have an impact on research performance. Early-career retraction incidents result in shorter research careers, higher retraction rates, and diverse effects on different research performance metrics. [Conclusions] The impact of retraction events in the early career is long-term. Early retraction indicators can be incorporated into the comprehensive evaluation system for researchers in a proper manner. Scientific journals should be cautious when publishing academic papers of researchers who have undergone early retraction events.

[Purposes] This study aims to explore the transformation and development strategies of the ecological chain of scientific journals under the background of open science. [Methods] We mainly adopted methods such as network and literature research, analogy analysis, and example analysis. These methods were used to analyze the roles on the ecological chain of scientific journals and to introduce their functions, as well as their changes, challenges, and development strategies in the context of open science. [Findings] The ecological chain of scientific journals covers the entire process of scientific research achievements, from generation to dissemination. It includes producers, such as researchers, authors, reviewers, and editors; consumers, such as researchers, readers, the public, and enterprises; and decomposers, including databases, archiving service platforms, academic publishing platforms, and indexing service platforms. Interactions, influences, and support occur among these various roles. [Conclusions] The ecological chain of scientific journals has optimized both the publishing mode and the evaluation system of scientific journals. It has accelerated the application of cutting-edge technologies, promoted the rapid dissemination of knowledge, facilitated interdisciplinary cooperation and exchange, and enhanced the reproducibility and verifiability of scientific research. At the same time, many new issues arise in business modes, journal quality control, publishing ethics, digital copyright, and other aspects. Each link in the ecological chain of scientific journals needs to clarify its main responsibilities and adapt to new role changes. Furthermore, it is important to adjust publishing service modes promptly, optimize business modes, introduce ethical policies for publishing, strengthen platform technology protection, and promote the sustainable development of the ecological chain of scientific journals under the background of open science.

[Purposes] This study aims to systematically investigate the operational mechanisms, developmental trends, think tank roles, and practical examples of leading international scholarly publishing associations during a period of significant transformation in the scholarly publishing industry. [Methods] Through literature review and case analysis, we selected five representative international scholarly publishing associations for an in-depth study. Their operational mechanisms such as organizational structure, business practices, and talent development were analyzed, and practical examples of their think tank roles were examined across four key areas: open access, AI applications, publishing ethics, and standards. [Findings] International scholarly publishing associations are guiding the industry in proactively addressing global information technology changes, fulfilling their think tank roles by conducting policy research, issuing standards, and offering solutions and guidelines. [Conclusions] The operational mechanisms and think tank experiences of these associations offer valuable insights for building scholarly publishing think tanks and advancing China's academic journal industry.

[Purposes] ?This study focuses on several problems in improving the quality of peer review in medical research articles through a review. [Methods] We determined the basic arguments for the quality of peer review through group discussions. We employed the literature research method to discuss and analyze the issues related to improving the quality of peer review. [Findings] The purpose and significance of peer review are clarified. The behavior norms for reviewers are summarized from both the principles of what should be done and what should not be done. The form and content of the peer review report are sorted out. It is proposed that to improve the quality of peer review, scientific editors should select reviewers for a paper accurately and comprehensively, make the reviewers understand the task requirements clearly, and send the results of the paper's novelty search to the reviewers to assist in the review. Journal editorial departments should establish acceptance criteria and editorial policies. [Conclusions] Scientific editors should take initiative: conduct reviewer training well, positively guide the sense of honor of reviewers, restrain reviewer behavior, and implement and promote a standardized, timely, and internationally-aligned peer review system, thus controlling the academic quality of journals by improving the review quality.

[Purposes] This study aims to clarify the unique peer review needs of academic frontier papers, examining the necessity and implementation path for open peer review by drawing on international practices. The goal is to facilitate the scientific evaluation and timely dissemination of frontier research results. [Methods] Using literature review, case studies, and logical analysis, we compared the core distinctions between frontier and non-frontier research papers, analyzed international experiences with open peer review, and proposed a promotion path for open peer review tailored to China's actual context. [Findings] Compared to non-frontier papers, academic frontier papers face heightened risks of innovation stagnation, high rejection rates, and potential misconduct under traditional closed peer review. Open and transparent peer review is thus essential to foster inclusive feedback, open communication, and timely publication, meeting the peer review needs for inclusiveness, timeliness, multidisciplinarity, and openness. [Conclusions] Drawing on leading international practices in open peer review, China could expand peer review system functionalities, promote a "preprint + open review" mode, prioritize cross-disciplinary pilot studies, and encourage expert matching to enhance peer review for frontier papers. This approach would strengthen the scientific evaluation and dissemination of frontier research findings.

[Purposes] By investigating and analyzing the development status and publishing policies of international software journals, this study aims to provide guidance for the establishment and development of software journals in China and offer references for formulating open sharing policies of research software and code for China's scientific journals. [Methods] Using online survey and content analysis methods, we investigated the development status of global software journals. We sorted out the publishing policies of representative international software journals to extract the framework and characteristic elements of quality control policies for software paper publication. [Findings] A total of 46?software journals have been established, promoted by large publishing institutions and innovative publishers. The investigation of 20 representative software journals shows that their publishing policies emphasize software and code storage, structural standards of software papers, peer review models, and evaluation criteria. Additionally, software journals adopt various cooperation models to enhance their quality and influence. [Conclusions] International scientific journals actively promote strategies for sharing data, software, and code by exploring the publishing models of software papers, further promoting openness, transparency, repeatability, and reproducibility in the scientific research process. China should seize the historical opportunity of open source software entering open science, make significant efforts to establish software journals, and progressively implement open sharing policies for software and code in scientific journals. This will cultivate a culture of software sharing and contribute to the comprehensive and in-depth development of open science in the country.

[Purposes] Taking the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS) on Peking University Open Research Data as the open data source, this study analyzes the international influence of papers based on Chinese open research data, providing ideas for topic selection planning of Chinese academic journals in the open science environment. [Methods] Taking the open research data papers published using the CHARLS open database in the Web of Science Core Collection as the research object, we conducted statistics on the number of papers, disciplinary structure, inter-institutional cooperation, funding projects, relative impact factors of journal sources, citation frequencies, and usage. [Findings] The disciplinary distribution of Chinese open research data papers is wide, showing a diversified development trend of interdisciplinary integration and cross-disciplinary achievement sharing. There are frequent collaborations between domestic institutions and between domestic and international institutions, mainly among universities. The average relative impact factor of the source journals is 1.42, and the average citations per paper is 14.70. In general, Chinese open research data papers have high international influence, and a certain number of papers are published in top international journals. [Conclusions] Open research data can promote data sharing and collaboration between different disciplines and internationally, driving the international dissemination and application of scientific research achievements.

[Purposes] This study aims to explore the potential application of large language model (LLM) technology in open peer review. By combining the opinions of review experts and the response data of authors, a meta-review is automatically generated to assist editors in quickly summarizing the key points of review and promote the development of the open peer review process in an intelligent direction. [Methods] Based on the LLM, we utilized prompt learning methods such as few-shot contrastive learning and self-reflection to identify the arguments and "problem-reply" argument pairs between review experts and authors, and used a step-by-step guidance method to guide the model to automatically generate meta-review. [Findings] Through a reasonable prompt learning strategy, the LLM can effectively recognize the arguments and "problem-reply" argument pairs and generate meta-review content with an argumentative structure, which remarkably enhances the quality of meta-review generation. [Conclusions] Meta-review induction and generation based on LLM can offer an effective approach for optimizing the open peer review process and increasing the review efficiency.

[Purposes] This study aims to explore how scientific journals can effectively improve their ability to serve scholars from the perspective of new media. [Methods] Through case analysis, this study detailed the diversified service measures adopted by the Chinese Journal of Aeronautics (CJA) and Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica in the new media era: selecting high-quality content for article recommendation, operating sub-domain communities, and organizing academic event selections. [Findings] Through the implementation of these strategies, academic achievements have been disseminated more widely and rapidly. Community management has enhanced scholars' sense of belonging. Event selection has improved scholars' recognition within the industry. [Conclusions] It is recommended that scientific journals keep pace with the times by expanding multi-channel and multi-level service measures, thereby enhancing their academic influence and competitiveness.

[Purposes] This study aims to construct an interaction behavior model for WeChat subscribers of academic journals. It also analyzes the influencing factors of academic journal WeChat subscribers' interaction behavior and provides effective strategies for the operation and communication of academic journal WeChat official accounts. [Methods] Based on the qualitative research method of grounded theory, we conducted semi-structured interviews. We explored the behavioral mechanisms and inherent characteristics of the interaction behaviors of academic journal WeChat subscribers. Furthermore, we constructed an interactive behavior model for WeChat subscribers of academic journals. [Findings] The platform and content factors of academic journal WeChat official accounts affect the interactive presence of subscribers. Additionally, knowledge and technology factors establish the interaction boundaries of subscribers. Topic setting and circle environment guide the interactive focus of subscribers. Self-efficacy, self-presentation, and academic social interaction stimulate the interactive resonance of subscribers. [Conclusions] The operators of academic journal WeChat official accounts should optimize the interactive scenarios. They should improve the platform and content forms to attract users. Operators should also reduce barriers to interaction and expand the audience base by addressing interdisciplinary and social hot topics. Strengthening the focus of interaction by leading the depth of academic interaction with well-known scholars is essential. Lastly, expanding interactive channels will stimulate users' desire for interaction through positive feedback.

[Purposes] This study analyzes the functions and effects of cultivating and establishing new English sci-tech journals based on the domestic digital publishing platform SciOpen, aiming to provide guidance and reference for the establishment of new English sci-tech journals and contribute to the development of China's independently constructed digital publishing platforms and establishment of independent new journals. [Methods] Taking 5 new English sci-tech journals launched on the SciOpen platform as the research objects, we discussed the key measures for running journals from aspects such as the standardized construction path, cluster development mode, international communication system, and platform operation service support, and summarized the experience of independently launching English sci-tech journals on the SciOpen platform. [Findings] The SciOpen platform focuses on innovative publishing mode, solid technical support, public support service, and academic communication, which accelerate the establishment, and global dissemination of new English sci-tech journals. Relying on the SciOpen digital publishing platform, the newly established journals have rapidly improved their academic influence and internationalization process. [Conclusions] As a domestic digital publishing platform, SciOpen supports the independent establishment of English sci-tech journals, realizing the transformation of sci-tech journal publishing and communication from "borrowing a ship to go to sea" to "building a ship to go to sea" and making significant contributions to accelerating the cultivation of first-class sci-tech journals in China.

[Purposes] This study aims to explore the effects of the author's internationalization level on journal impact and disruptive innovation in scientific journals, providing corresponding decision-making references for journal editors to correctly recognize and handle foreign contributions. [Methods] Taking 107 Chinese journals indexed in the 2022 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) as the research objects, we obtained citation relationship data for all papers in these 107 journals from the Web of Science database and COCI, respectively. We calculated the fraction of author internationalization (FAI) and journal disruption index (JDI) and obtained the impact index from JCR. Finally, we conducted descriptive statistics and correlation analysis on these three types of indicators. [Findings] There are only 3 journals that rank in the top 20 for FAI, JDI, and JCI. Interdisciplinary studies of 107 journals show that FAI has a low correlation with JDI (r=0.215, P=0.026), JCI (r=0.223, P=0.021), and aJIFP (r=0.244, P=0.011), and does not correlate with JIF (r=0.123, P=0.206). A study of 19 journals in the field of materials science shows that FAI does not correlate with all other metrics except JDI. The study of high disruptive index papers in China's scientific journals shows that the number and proportion of high disruptive index papers are relatively high in Canada, India, and Vietnam. [Conclusions] The improvement of the author's internationalization level has a certain role in promoting the disruptive innovation of journals, but there is uncertainty in the improvement of the journal academic impact. The innovative contributions of authors from less developed countries and regions to China's scientific journals cannot be ignored.

[Purposes] The homogenization of journal development in China wastes valuable research resources, fosters competition for submissions, triggers research misconduct, and hinders scientific innovation. This study aims to accurately identify and analyze the homogenization issue in Chinese English-language academic journals, optimize journal distribution, promote balanced development across different disciplines, and enhance the international impact of Chinese academic journals. [Methods] We introduced a paper-level classification system, proposing and designing algorithms for domain similarity, journal-journal similarity, and journal-domain similarity. These algorithms uncovered content homogenization issues between journals while considering journal impact dimensions to reflect homogenization across different tiers of journals. [Findings] The study reveals the concentration and dispersion of 471 Chinese English-language academic journals across disciplines. It selects data to examine journals with high concentration in Mathematics, Materials Science, and Physics and Astrophysics, analyzing their homogenization at thematic levels. [Conclusions] Chinese journals in the field of Mathematics exhibit limited overall impact and single-tier homogenization. Journals in Materials Science show multi-tier homogenization in impact levels, while Physics and Astrophysics demonstrate multi-tier homogenization in optics.

[Purposes] This study aims to thoroughly analyze the characteristics of retraction phenomena caused by randomly generated content (RGC) technology and provide references for managing retractions related to RGC. [Methods] Data was collected from the Retraction Watch Database, containing 3929 related documents. Bibliometric methods were employed to analyze the basic characteristics of retractions, including retraction timing and delay distribution, country distribution, subject distribution, retraction reasons, retraction initiators, document types, and publication platforms. [Findings] In recent years, the number of retractions due to RGC has surged, and the retraction delay has shortened. Retractions are primarily concentrated in emerging scientific countries, particularly China and India. The fields of computer science, technology, and data science are the "hotspots" for retractions. The most frequently cited reasons for retractions are related to academic misconduct. Academic journals or publishers and third parties are the main initiators of retractions. Retraction documents are mostly research papers, with Hindawi having the highest number of retractions. The top ten journals with the most retractions are predominantly mixed open access (OA) or gold OA journals, many of which are "mega-journals". [Conclusions] Clear boundaries and regulations should be established for the application of RGC technology in academic publishing. Stricter review mechanisms are needed for disciplines with high retraction rates, such as computer science. Journals should strengthen their cooperation with third parties.