巨型期刊已经成为全球科学研究成果的主要信息源之一，对其发展与出版特征的研究可为开放科学环境下我国的期刊建设提供参考。

通过实证研究分析巨型期刊的发展过程与阶段，以及高影响力巨型期刊的各项出版特征，并重新界定巨型期刊。

总结巨型期刊数量、出版规模及影响力分布的演变，学科范围、出版机构、商业模式、文章处理费定价、优惠政策、评审标准、评审模式以及提供的作者服务等方面的特征。

只有开放获取出版模式和巨大的载文量是巨型期刊的必备特征；目前巨型期刊在数量与规模上处于相对稳定的时期，但其内部呈现多元化发展态势；专业巨型期刊队伍不断壮大；大部分巨型期刊采取较为灵活的质量调控策略；文章处理费价格持续上涨，但商业模式趋于多样化；普遍支持开放同行评议和开放数据，开展基于科研周期的全方位作者服务。

Mega-journals have become one of the main sources of information for scientific research results worldwide, and research on their development and publishing characteristics can provide references for the construction of Chinese journals in the open science environment.

Through empirical research, we analyzed the development process and stage of mega-journals, as well as the publishing characteristics of high-impact mega-journals, and redefined mega-journals.

The findings include the evolution of the number of mega-journals, publication scale and influence distribution, as well as characteristics such as the scope of disciplines, publishing institutions, business models, article processing charge pricing, preferential policies, review standards, review models, and author services provided.

It is found that only the open access publishing model and a large volume of articles are the essential characteristics of mega-journals. Currently, the number and scale of mega-journals are in a relatively stable period, but their internal development trend is becoming more diversified. The ranks of professional mega-journals are expanding. Most mega-journals adopt relatively flexible quality control strategies. Article processing charge prices continue to rise, but business models tend to diversify. Open peer review and open data are generally supported, and comprehensive author services based on the research cycle are offered.