摘要：

【目的】 在全球开放科学的学术出版背景下，探讨2013—2022年发布的4版《学术出版透明与最佳行为准则》对于中国学术期刊发展的启示。【方法】 通过开放获取学术出版协会官方网站获得第1~4版准则文本。以各项准则为分析单元，对准则内容进行纵向文本分析，以系统认识其在不同时期的差异和发展。根据最新版的重点分析内容，对我国学术期刊的发展提出建议。【结果】 2013—2022年共推出4版《学术出版透明与最佳行为准则》，旨在通过提高学术出版行为和过程的透明度来保障学术研究的质量和可信度。相较于历史版本，第4版围绕期刊内容、期刊行为、组织结构、商业行为4个维度的16项准则，更详细地描述实现学术出版透明的具体措施，并充分考虑对不同学科、地区、商业规模期刊的可行性，以响应开放科学带来的挑战。【结论】 《学术出版透明与最佳行为准则》有助于提高我国学术出版行为和过程的透明度，保障中国学术研究的质量和可信度。中国学术期刊须认识和参与开放科学发展；重点关注网络安全维护和网站信息透明度建设；在期刊政策中清晰描述版权和许可条款，保护知识产权；维护编辑独立性，保障学术质量。

关键词: 《学术出版透明与最佳行为准则》, 开放科学, 中国学术期刊, 网站, 版权, 许可, 编辑独立性

Abstract:

［Purposes］ The four updates of "Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing" from 2013 to 2022 are nurtured in the context of global open science publishing and may shed insight into the development of Chinese academic journals. ［Methods］ The first to the fourth versions of the principles were obtained through the website of the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association. Taking the individual principle as a unit of analysis, we carried out a longitudinal text analysis on the content of principles to systematically reveal their differences and development over time. Based on the principles of the latest version which were analyzed in the article, we put forward suggestions for the development of Chinese academic journals. ［Findings］ From 2013 to 2022, four versions of "Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing" have been published, aiming to ensure the quality and credibility of academic research by improving the transparency of academic publishing behaviors and processes. Compared with previous versions, the fourth version provides more detailed instructions on how to achieve transparency and best practices focusing on 16 principles pertaining to four dimensions: journal content, journal practices, organization, and business practices, with considerations of the practices achievable by journals in different disciplines, regions, and scales, to cope with the challenges by open science. ［Conclusions］ "Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing" would be helpful for the improvement of the transparency of China's publishing behaviors and processes and ensure the quality and credibility of China's academic research. Chinese academic journals should increase the awareness of and participation in open science development, work on network security maintenance and website information transparency, clearly describe copyright and licensing information in journal policies to protect intellectual property rights, and safeguard editorial independence to ensure academic value.

Key words: Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing, Open science, Chinese academic journal, Website, Copyright, License, Editorial independence