摘要：

目的 系统梳理卢嘉锡院士“龙头”“龙尾”理念的内涵演变，在锚定2035年建成科技强国战略目标的背景下，为我国世界一流科技期刊建设提供借鉴与参考。 方法 以引文分析理论为基础，选取《既是“龙尾”也是“龙头”——要重视并做好科技期刊工作》一文的56篇引证文献为研究对象，通过人工判读定位引用内容，采用纵向内容分析法进行最小语义单元切分与主题聚类，识别不同时期施引文献对该理念的关注点。 结果 “龙头”“龙尾”的理念内涵随国家科技事业发展持续拓展：“龙头”从最初的“启发科研、指引方向”升级为“引领学科发展、驱动成果转化、支撑国家战略”；“龙尾”从“总结传承科研成果”延伸为“保障成果传承、规范科研生态、守护科技安全”；2018年《关于深化改革 培育世界一流科技期刊的意见》出台后，“龙头”“龙尾”理念的行业关注度显著提升，其时代价值与指导意义也日益凸显。 结论 “龙头”“龙尾”理念的拓展始终与中国科技事业发展同频共振，为新时代世界一流科技期刊建设提供根本遵循；未来须通过做强“龙头”强化引领性与战略价值、做实“龙尾”筑牢科技安全根基、“首尾联动”强化功能协同与资源整合，助力实现科技期刊从“跟跑”到“并跑”再到“领跑”的跨越。

关键词: 科技期刊, “龙头”“龙尾”理念, 卢嘉锡, 引文分析

Abstract:

Purposes To systematically sort out the evolution and connotation transformation of LU Jiaxi’s “dragon head” and “dragon tail” concept， and provide references for the construction of world-class scientific and technological journals in China under the background of building a world scientific and technological power by 2035. Methods Based on the citation analysis theory， 56 cited literatures of the paper Being both the “dragon tail” and the “dragon head”： attach importance to do a good job in scientific and technological journal work were selected as the research objects. The citation contents were located through manual interpretation， and the vertical content analysis method was adopted for minimum semantic unit segmentation and theme clustering to identify the concerns of citing literatures on this concept in different periods. Findings The connotation of the “dragon head” and “dragon tail” concept has been continuously expanded with the development of national science and technology undertakings： the “dragon head” has evolved from initially “enlightening scientific research and guiding directions” to a forward-looking leading core that “leads disciplinary development， drives achievement transformation and supports national strategies”； the “dragon tail” has extended from “summarizing and inheriting scientific research achievements” to a back-end guarantee core that “ensures achievement inheritance， regulates scientific research ecology and guards scientific and technological security”. After the issuance of the Opinions on deepening reform and cultivating world-class scientific and technological journals in 2018， relevant research on this concept entered an active period， highlighting its contemporary value and guiding significance. Conclusions The expansion of the “dragon head” and “dragon tail” concept has always been in step with the development of China’s science and technology undertakings， providing a fundamental guideline for the construction of world-class scientific and technological journals in the new era. In the future， it is necessary to strengthen the “dragon head” to enhance its leadership and strategic value， consolidate the “dragon tail” to lay a solid foundation for scientific and technological security， and promote the “linkage between the head and tail” to integrate resources and improve overall efficiency. This will help scientific and technological journals achieve the leap from following to running side by side and then to leading， providing solid support for building a world scientific and technological power.

Key words: Scientific journals, The “dragon head” and “dragon tail” concept, LU Jiaxi, Citation analysis