摘要：

目的 破解开放获取（OA）发展中论文处理费（APC）衍生出的公平性与可持续性困境，为推动学术出版高质量发展、净化学术生态提供理论参考与实践指引，促进学术出版治理体系的优化与开放科学运动的健康发展。 方法 采用综述法系统梳理OA和APC的发展历程，探讨OA模式下APC的衍生问题与核心矛盾，提出综合治理策略。 结果 随着OA在学术传播领域的深入推进，其核心支撑机制APC显现系列关键问题：APC的持续上涨制约OA的良性发展，引发科研经费压力加剧、学术资源获取不公、掠夺性期刊（PJ）泛滥等衍生问题，显著影响学术出版秩序与科研生态健康。其核心矛盾在于成本负担机制转型下公共服务目标与商业逻辑的新型冲突。 结论 为有效治理APC衍生的相关问题，应构建APC的多维度调控策略与替代方法；推动出版市场结构、学术评价与科研经费分配的协同治理；遏制APC模式下掠夺性期刊的扩张趋势。

关键词: 开放获取, 开放获取论文, 开放获取期刊, 论文处理费, 掠夺性期刊

Abstract:

Purposes This paper aims to solve the dilemma of fairness and sustainability derived from the article processing charge （APC） in the development of open access （OA）， provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for promoting the high-quality development of academic publishing and purifying academic ecology， and promote the optimization of the academic publishing governance system and the healthy development of the open science movement. Methods This paper uses the review method to systematically comb the development process of OA and APC， discusses the derivative problems of APC and their core contradiction in the OA model， and proposes comprehensive management strategies. Findings With the in-depth promotion of OA in the field of academic dissemination， its core supporting mechanism， APC， has revealed a series of key issues： the continuous rise of APC has restricted the healthy development of OA， leading to derivative problems such as the increased pressure on research funding， unfair access to academic resources， and the proliferation of predatory journals （PJ）. These problems have significantly affected the order of academic publishing and the health of the research ecosystem. The core contradiction lies in the new conflict between public service objectives and business logic under the transformation of cost burden mechanism. Conclusions To effectively govern the related issues of APC， it is necessary to construct multi-dimensional regulation strategies and alternative methods for APC； promote collaborative governance of publishing market structure， academic evaluation， and research funding allocation； and curb the expansion trend of predatory journals under the APC model.

Key words: Open access, Open access papers, Open access journal, Article processing charge, Predatory journal