摘要：

【目的】 提炼我国自然科学领域科研人员数据论文投稿行为的影响因素，揭示投稿行为的内在逻辑，并提出相应建议。【方法】 通过半结构式访谈获取资料，依托计划行为理论与技术接受模型，以扎根理论研究方法提炼数据论文投稿行为的影响因素，初步构建影响因素模型。【结果】 在个体层面，感知成本对数据论文投稿态度有负面影响，感知风险对投稿态度与意向均有负面影响，科研人员倾向于放大投稿风险。在技术层面，感知有用性对投稿态度与意向均有正向影响，科研人员的数据论文投稿行为更多呈现出回应学术交流的主动性与身为研究者的自觉性。在社会层面，主观规范对数据论文投稿态度有正向影响，同行建议与专业领域氛围可能成为投稿契机。感知行为控制正向作用于数据论文投稿意向，资助机构或科研人员所属机构、科技期刊的政策规定能显著促进投稿行为的发生。【结论】 为促进科研人员投稿数据论文，应从降低感知风险、提升主观规范、感知行为控制与感知有用性等方面制定对策，如利用社群影响力、加强数据论文出版激励、完善数据出版法律体系、建立数据引用评价机制等。

关键词: 科研人员, 数据论文, 投稿行为, 影响因素

Abstract:

［Purposes］ This study aims to refine the influencing factors of the data paper submission behavior of researchers in the field of natural sciences in China, reveal the internal logic of the submission behavior, and put forward corresponding suggestions. ［Methods］ Via semi-structured interviews to collect data and based on the theory of planned behavior and the technology acceptance model, we extracted the influencing factors of data paper submission behavior and constructed a preliminary model of influencing factors. ［Findings］ At the individual level, perceived cost has a negative impact on data paper submission attitudes, while perceived risk affects both submission attitudes and intentions. Researchers tend to amplify submission risks. At the technical level, perceived usefulness has a positive effect on both attitudes and intentions, and researchers' data paper submission behaviors demonstrate initiative in responding to academic communication and a sense of researcher identity. At the social level, subjective norms have a positive effect on attitudes toward data paper submission, and peer advice and the atmosphere of the academic field can serve as incentives for submission. Perceived behavioral control positively affects the intention to submit data papers. Policies and regulations of the funding agency or the researcher's institution and scientific and technical journals can significantly promote the submission behavior. ［Conclusions］ To promote the occurrence of data paper submission behavior of researchers, strategies should be formulated in terms of reducing the perceived risk, improving the perceived behavioral control, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms, such as utilizing the influence of community, enhancing incentives for publishing data papers, developing and improving the legal system of data publishing, and establishing an evaluation mechanism for data citation.

Key words: Scientific researcher, Data paper, Submission behavior, Influencing factor