摘要：

【目的】 考察学术期刊“数据可用性声明”政策的实施效果,特别是论文关联数据可用程度,以促进学术期刊论文关联数据的共享与重用。【方法】 以FAIR原则为基础构建科学数据可用性评价指标,在考虑期刊所属学科的基础上,选择Nature系列期刊中的5种期刊,采用随机抽样的方式对每种期刊每年随机抽取一期形成调研样本,逐一查阅样本论文是否含有数据可用性声明、是否附有支撑数据以及数据可用性程度等。【结果】 Nature系列期刊的论文关联数据大部分指标(如论文提供数据获取途径、数据格式易于处理等)均有较好的表现,较好地保障了数据的共享与重用。但数据包含论文相关信息、为论文提供引用信息、数据包含许可协议信息、数据包含使用说明等指标表现欠佳,表明在这些方面仍有提升空间。【结论】 期刊可以从细化数据提交与评价规范、深化与数据存储平台合作、建立数据分级分类审核机制、提供数据可用性服务与指南、凝聚论文关联数据开放共识等方面入手,提升“数据可用性声明”政策实施成效。

关键词: 数据可用性声明, FAIR原则, 开放共享, 论文关联数据, Nature系列期刊

Abstract:

[Purposes] To investigate the implementation effect of the “Data Availability Satatement” policy in academic journals, especially the availability degree of associated data of papers. [Methods] Based on the FAIR principle, an evaluation index for the availability of scientific data was constructed. Considering the disciplines to which the journals belong, five journals in the Nature series were selected. A random sampling method was adopted to randomly select one issue of each journal every year to form a research sample. Check one by one whether the sample papers contain data availability statements, whether they are accompanied by supporting data, and the degree of data availability, etc. [Findings] The associated data of the papers in the Nature series of journals performed well in most indicators, such as the data acquisition channels provided by the papers and the ease of processing of the data format, which well guaranteed the sharing and reuse of the data. However, the indicators such as the data containing relevant information of the paper, providing citation information for the paper, the data containing licensing information, and the data containing usage instructions performed poorly, indicating that there is still room for improvement in these aspects. [Conclusions] Journals can enhance the implementation effectiveness of the “Data Availability Statement” policy by refining data submission and evaluation norms, deepening cooperation with data storage platforms, establishing a data classification and grading review mechanism, providing data availability services and guidelines, and reaching a consensus on the openness of associated data of papers.

Key words: Data availability statement, FAIR principle, Open sharing, Paper-related data, Nature series journals