摘要：

【目的】 地图审图是当前科技书刊出版的痛点。为使作者和编者更好地理解和掌握相关法律法规,对地图审查关注的主要内容进行图解,溯源其建构的历史背景,以厘清地图插图规范使用的法理和学理逻辑。 【方法】基于国内9种主流地理期刊2018—2020年的问题地图资料和中科院2019年院属期刊的地图审读结果,采用文本分析方法解译相关法律法规,试图透过“法规是什么”分析其“为什么是这样”。 【结果】国界线的错绘、重要岛屿的漏绘、地图名称注记和地图要素的不规范表达是问题地图出现的主要原因。参照相关法律法规,对其进行规范图解,共绘制和修订出29幅规范地图示意图,并结合17幅典型错误样例进行错误问题的总结剖析。 【结论】 国界海疆涉及到国土安全问题,地图要素的规范表达涉及到学科学术规范的构建,科学有效地普及有关地图审图的相关法律法规、构建并遵守学科学术规范是解决问题地图的有效途径。

关键词: 地图, 法律法规, 科技期刊, 制图规范, 国界线, 国土安全

Abstract:

[Purposes] Map review is an essential part in the publication of scientific journals. In order to enable authors and editors to understand and master the laws and regulations on maps, we display the main content of map review with exemplary maps and analyze the problematic maps by tracing the historical background of related specifications, thus gaining an insight into the specifications for maps from the perspectives of legal and scientific principles. [Methods] With the literature research method, we interpreted the regulations and laws on maps with the problematic maps from 9 major geographical journals in China in 2018-2020 and the map review results of some journals sponsored by Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2019, trying to trace the background behind these laws and regulations. [Findings] Wrong national boundaries, missing of vital islands, and non-standard expression of annotations and elements were the main problems on maps. With reference to relevant laws and regulations, we plotted 29 standard maps and analyzed 17 maps with typical problems. [Conclusions] National boundaries and islands are related to homeland security and standard expression of map elements requires corresponding academic norms. It is necessary for map standardization to popularize laws and regulations on maps and to establish relevant academic norms.

Key words: Map, Law and regulation, Scientific journal, Cartographic specification, Boundary, Homeland security