摘要：

【目的】在梳理国内外数据出版理论成果与具体实践的基础上,从学术传播角度厘清数据出版涉及的关键问题,包括数据出版概念和内涵、具体形态、主要障碍。【方法】主要采用定性方法,分析数据出版与传统论文出版的异同,及这些差异带来的理论和实践挑战。【结果】研究发现,数据出版不仅仅是数据本身的共享,还应包括数据相关信息的出版。出版主体是多样化的,出版过程涉及多主体合作。其出版模式不仅有出版机构控制模式,还有非出版机构控制模式和混合模式。【结论】当前数据出版的主要障碍是伦理规范缺失导致数据出版学术“奖惩”功能失效,亟需制定数据出版的伦理规范、用稿机制规范、数据引用规范和元数据标准,通过上述规范将数据出版纳入学术传播体系。

关键词: 数据出版, 出版模式, 规范, 标准, 元数据, 数据论文, 学术传播

Abstract:

[Purposes] Based on theoretical study and practice of data publication, key theoretic and practical issues about data publication are analyzed, including concept and meaning, main modes of data publication, and difficulties in engaging data publication.[Methods] W ith qualitative method, the differences between article publication and data publication are analyzed,along w ith their challenge to academ ic communication theory and practice.[Findings] Data publication is not just sharing data on the internet, it should include publishing information about data.The institutions engaging data publication are various, data publishing process is a cooperation field among different institutions.There are three main modes of data publication,which are controlled by publishers, controlled by non-publishers, and overlay mode.[Conclusions] Themain obstacle to be combated in data publication is that there is no reward and penalty function of data publication w ithout ethical norms.The ethics norms,submission adoption system,data citation standard and metadata stand should be established, by which data publication can be involved in scholarly communication system.

Key words: Data publication, Publishingmode, Ethics, Standard, Metadata, Data paper, Scholarly communication