ISSN：1001-7143 CN：11-2684/G3
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[Purposes] This study aims to systematically compare how Chinese and Western academic journals govern the risks associated with generative AI (GenAI) participation in academic paper writing, providing insights and recommendations for domestic academic ethics under the impact of AI. [Methods] Using grounded theory, the authors conducted a three-level coding of official statements from 300 leading Western journals and performed a parallel comparison of their core categories with corresponding texts from Chinese journals. [Findings] Both Chinese and Western academic journals have recognized the multifaceted ethical and legal risks of GenAI participation in academic writing and are attempting to manage these risks through two main approaches: subject accountability and ethical regulation. However, discrepancies exist in the specific content and norms. The study also identifies several issues in Chinese journals, such as a low volume of official statements, lack of clear disclosure of usage boundaries recognized in the West, absence of a unified declaration format, insufficient explanation of third-party detection report submission requirements, and unreasonable limitations on the extent of GenAI use. [Conclusions] Following the principle of “drawing on advanced Western experience while grounding in China’s reality”, the study suggests that Chinese academic journals should consider adopting Western practices in areas such as intellectual property and privacy protection in GenAI-assisted writing, early warning mechanisms for public opinion triggered by algorithmic bias, accountability assignment for editorial entities, fulfillment of journals’ social obligations, and interpretive clauses for ambiguous usage boundaries.
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[Purposes] This study explores the application prospects of AI in review process to provide insights for the digital and intelligent development of academic publishing. [Methods] Based on literature research and comparative analyses of review policies in domestic and international academic journals, using SWOT analysis, the study systematically examines the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and challenges of AI-assisted review,constructing a SWOT analysis matrix. [Findings] AI technology has potential for application in the review process, which can improve review efficiency and enhance the objectivity of reviews. However, problems such as hallucination, bias, security, and trust need to be addressed to achieve large-scale application. This relies on the development of trustworthy intelligent review systems and the establishment of supervision mechanisms. [Conclusions] In the future, to achieve human-machine collaborative AI-assisted review, it is necessary to enhance AI’s technical transparency, strengthen accountability, establish an open data alliance, and implement regulation and governance for AI's technical limitations and ethical risks. Through the dual optimization of technology and systems, AI has the potential to become a crucial tool in streamlining the academic review process.
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[Purposes] To reflect the current application of artificial intelligence (AI) in Chinese scientific journal dissemination, and to summarize the evolution of dissemination characteristics in the AI context, and to provide theoretical references and practical methods for the dissemination of scientific journals. [Methods] Through literature reviews, field investigations, and expert interviews, this study investigated the application of AI technologies in scientific journal operations, including topic selection, content production and dissemination. It also summarized the changes in dissemination characteristics. [Findings] AI technologies have improved the effectiveness and efficiency of scientific journal dissemination, leading to significant transformations in communication direction, audience types, and interaction modes. [Conclusions] The study summarizes the evolution of dissemination characteristics in scientific journals under AI influence, including horizontal knowledge flow within vertical dissemination frameworks, the audience has expanded from specialized personnel to the public, and the shift from unidirectional to bidirectional interaction. A three-dimensional model is proposed to visualize this evolutionary process.In response, scientific journals should fully utilize new technologies, explore innovative dissemination models, cultivate and recruit skilled personnel, and establish standards to enhance dissemination capacity.
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[Purposes] The aim is to objectively and accurately evaluate academic journals and systematically analyze the impact of AI applications in the context of artificial intelligence for the evaluation of academic journals. [Methods] Adopting literature and data research methods, to search and collect relevant research results and materials, then establish a 6-stage analysis framework for the course of modernization of academic journal publishing, and systematically summarize and form viewpoints. [Findings] The modernization course of academic journals is driven by the development of publishing demand and information technology, and has gone through the handmade workshop stage, industrialized stage, electronic stage, networked stage, open science stage, and the current AI-driven intelligent publishing stage is a new step in the modernization course of the development of academic journals; the two-way empowerment of AI technology and scientometrics has pushed forward the evolution of the concepts and methods of academic journal evaluation and the evolution of methods. [Conclusions] The impact of AI application on journal evaluation is reflected in seven aspects, such as accelerating the evaluation speed, refining the evaluation granularity, reconfiguring the disciplinary structure, transforming the citation evaluation system, breaking through the traditional concept of quantitative evaluation, perfecting the qualitative evaluation of experts, and upgrading the presentation form of the evaluation results and the application mode.
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[Purposes] To analyze the new trends and transformations in international academic publishing under the open science environment, providing insights for the development of China’s academic publishing ecosystem. [Methods] Through literature review and case studies, the shifts in academic publishing models were examined from the dimensions of publishing processes and content. [Findings] In terms of publishing processes, the traditional “Collection-Review-Publication” model is transitioning to the emerging “Publish-Review-Curate” model. In terms of publishing content, the focus has shifted from single elements to the entire research process. Correspondingly, infrastructure such as persistent identifier systems, data storage facilities, and standardization frameworks are also being advanced. [Conclusions] Based on China’s context, recommendations for addressing these changes are proposed, including reshaping the communication ecosystem to “return” science to scientists, strengthening infrastructure to empower publishing service innovation, and guiding and incentivizing innovation to deepen reforms in scientific evaluation.
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[Purposes] Comprehensively analyze theintellectual property protection of scientific journals under the artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) environment, so as to provide references for the intellectual property (IP) protection of Chinese scientific and technical journals. [Methods] This paper mainly adopts literature research method and policy text analysis method toanalyseinfringement acts involving copyrights in Chinese scientific journals under the AIGC environment, including violations of replication rights, adaptation rights, translation rights, compilation rights, and dissemination rights. [Findings] Traditional IP protection mechanisms for scientific journals have shifted towarddigital copyrightprotection centered on dissemination rights. However, AIGC's entire generation process carries infringement risks, and rights holders face difficulties in pursuing legal remedies post-infringement. [Conclusions] Scientific journals should fully leverage AIGC by establishing legal frameworks for generative AI and research integrity supervision systems, promoting industry-wide technical standard alliances and dynamic risk control mechanisms, establishing multi-party collaborative governance architectures, and implementing smart contract-based interest balancing mechanisms.
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[Purposes] This paper aims to analyze the current development status of journals from “Double First-Class” universities, identify the roles they play and the problems they face in the “Double First-Class” construction, and propose targeted optimization strategies to effectively empower the “Double First-Class” construction through university journals. [Methods] Taking 147 journals hosted by the second-round “Double First-Class” universities as the research object, this study integrates detailed data from the journal's official websites and basic indicators from CNKI, and combines the list of first-class disciplines to deeply analyze the current development status of university journals from the dimensions of quantity characteristics, influence, publishing models, and disciplinary synergy. [Findings] Journals from “Double First-Class” universities have a good quantitative foundation but significant quality differences. Their publishing models are showing a new trend of cluster development but still face many obstacles. The overall synergy between journals and first-class disciplines is not high. [Conclusions] Journals from “Double First-Class” universities should focus on their advantageous disciplines to create a characteristic content matrix, advocate for cluster-based journal management and expert-led editorial practices, and establish a “journal-discipline” value synergy mechanism to achieve mutual empowerment between journal development and discipline construction.
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[Purposes] To analyze the characteristics of papers withdrawn due to randomly generated content (RGC) by Chinese scholars, providing reference for domestic scientific journals, researchers, and relevant government departments to effectively address the academic misconduct issues arising from RGC abuse. [Methods] Data on RGC-related paper withdrawals by Chinese scholars were retrieved from the Retraction Watch database. The study analyzed characteristics such as temporal distribution, retraction delay, number of authors, regional and institutional distribution, publication medium and discipline distribution, and reasons for retraction. [Findings] Since 2020, the number of RGC-related paper withdrawals in China has increased sharply, with a retraction delay higher than the global average. The regions of East China, South China, and Central China are particularly affected by RGC-related retractions, with institutions involved predominantly being universities. The majority of retracted papers are research articles, with Hindawi having the highest number of retracted papers. The subjects of RGC paper retraction can be classified into three categories: the three major core technical disciplines and their application fields, basic life sciences, and health sciences. RGC-related retractions display interdisciplinary characteristics and diverse reasons for retraction. [Conclusions] It is recommended to remain highly vigilant regarding the normative use of RGC by Chinese scholars, strengthen the supervision and detection of academic misconduct, and pay close attention to the regional, institutional, publication, and disciplinary characteristics of RGC-related retractions, as well as the diversity of retraction reasons. These efforts aim to enhance the relevance of countermeasures and improve the overall effectiveness of academic misconduct governance.
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[Purposes] To explore the influencing factors of the short video communication effect of popular science journals, and to provide reference for the short video operation of popular science journals in China. [Methods] Taking the WeChat channels accounts of the journals selected in the list of “China’s Excellent Popular Science Journals” as an example, with the help of the elaboration likelihood model, through content analysis and regression analysis, this paper explores the influencing factors of the dissemination effect of the contents of WeChat channels account of popular science journals from the core and peripheral routes of the model. [Findings] The study found that the video dissemination effect of the contents of WeChat channels account of popular science journals, which was bound to the WeChat public account, had the same account name as the journal, and was good at using topic tags, was better. The communication effect of contents of WeChat channels account of popular science journals can not be significantly improved by the participation of communication subjects. The dissemination effect of landscape mode short videos of scientific knowledge and entertainment produced by animation and live shooting within 60 s is relatively good. [Conclusions] Popular science journals should speed up the layout process of WeChat channels platform, adhere to the concept of “content is king”, take the production of interesting short videos of scientific knowledge as an important carrier to promote the in-depth integration of journal media, and continue to optimize the dissemination effect of popular science content by fully grasping the recommendation rules and user characteristics of the short video platform.
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[Purposes] This study aims to construct a hierarchical and causally explicit analytical framework to identify key drivers and reveal the internal mechanisms influencing the digital dissemination effectiveness of scientific journals. [Methods] Through literature review, core influencing factors were identified. Data on inter-factor relationships were collected via expert consultation. Based on complex system theory, a hybrid analytical framework combining DEMATEL (decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory)and ISM (interpretive structural modeling) models was employed. An influence matrix was established, and centrality and cause degree indices were extracted to classify hierarchical structures and interpret mechanism pathways. [Findings] Fourteen key influencing factors were identified across six dimensions: technological support, content adaptation, user activation, operational innovation, policy regulation, and channel expansion. Among them, user engagement strategies exhibited the highest centrality, serving as a pivotal hub within the dissemination network. Intelligent content recommendation algorithms and open science policy incentives were found to be the main driving forces of the system. Brand IP development capabilities and community activeness of readers were positioned as outcome variables, heavily dependent on other systemic elements. The overall system exhibited a six-level hierarchical structure, forming a vertical transmission path and horizontal synergy mechanism characterized by “brand accumulation-operational drive-policy support-technological adjustment-goal achievement”. [Conclusions] Enhancing the effectiveness of digital dissemination in scientific journals requires a synergistic approach involving technological empowerment, institutional innovation, and user engagement. The dynamic adaptation between policy tools and intelligent technologies plays a crucial role in overcoming coordination bottlenecks. This study offers both theoretical insights and practical guidance for building a new scholarly communication ecosystem in the era of intelligent publishing.
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[Purposes] To explore the optimization strategy of health science popularization of medical academic journals(medical journals for short) in the era of converged media, and provide reference for its effectively responding to pseudo science popularization, better performing the mission of science popularization, and serving the national health cause. [Methods] On the basis of combing the theoretical basis and research framework of health science popularization in medical journals, aiming at the current situation and challenges of its dissemination, the SACRE model of “medical communication” was introduced. Combined with the science popularization practice cases of representative journals, the optimization strategies of health science popularization in medical journals were summarized and analyzed from five elements: scientific subject, audience, clinic content, route, and effect. [Findings] The health science popularization of medical journals under converged media mode meets the requirements of “medical communication” and its SACRE model. Based on SACRE model, it can be optimized by emphasizing scientific subjects, subdividing the audience based on the theory of “perceived disease distance”, disseminating conclusive clinic content, adapting to health demand scenarios, and evaluating the effect of popular science dissemination based on primary prevention, so as to effectively meet the challenges and needs in the era of converged media. [Conclusions] The optimization strategy of health science popularization based on the SACRE model of “medical communication” is more authoritative, scientific and systematic, which can solve the contradiction between the public’s urgent need for medical science popularization and the lack of authoritative information, and improve the efficiency of health communication of medical journals.
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[Purposes] From the perspective of symbiosis theory, this study explores internal symbiotic mechanisms within professional English-language disciplinary journal clusters from a symbiosis theory perspective, aiming to propose strategies for optimizing symbiotic systems and promoting internal innovation. [Methods] We use English-language journals of the Chinese Medical Association (CMA), Life Science Alliance (LSA), and American Medical Association (AMA) included in the JCR as high-level academic journal samples, and with the 2021—2023 journal publications as data sources. We dissected symbiotic system structures, relationships, interfaces, and environmental factors to map cluster innovation pathways by bibliometric analysis and case studies. [Findings] The symbiotic system structures of CMA, LSA, and AMA journal clusters are respectively in their infancy, mid-development, and mature stages. Key sustainability strategies include constructing multidimensional interfaces (digital platforms, content aggregation, manuscript circulation, knowledge dissemination) and optimizing symbiotic environments (organizational governance, policy support, academic reputation management). [Conclusions] Symbiosis theory provides a novel perspective for understanding the complex interactions and dependencies within journal clusters at different development stages. Constructing a high-quality symbiotic system for English-language journal clusters in specialized disciplines can significantly enhance the influence and competitiveness of first-class journal clusters.
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[Purposes] This paper aims to comprehensively explore the multi-dimensional enabling mechanisms of academic conferences in promoting the development of scientific journals, addressing the limitation of previous research that primarily focused on the unidirectional impact of conferences on journals' international influence. [Methods] Taking Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (STTT) as an example, we systematically analyzed the structural design of its academic conference and their multidimensional impact on journal development. [Findings] The conference cluster model, constructed based on the “author-reader-editor” tripartite demand theory, effectively fostered an academic community network, significantly enhanced editorial team capabilities, and continuously strengthened journal's brand value and academic influence. [Conclusions] The demand-oriented conference cluster model not only provides sustainable innovation momentum for journals but also promotes the overall optimization of the academic ecosystem, offering new theoretical insights and practical pathways for enhancing the global competitiveness of Chinese scientific journals.
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[Purposes] To explore the collaborative development model between scientific journals and discipline construction, summarize the typical experience of scientific journals serving discipline construction, and provide reference and inspiration for the construction of world-class scientific journals with Chinese characteristics. [Methods] Using case analysis method, this study focuses on the cultivation, establishment and development of six Chinese and English journals operated by Tsinghua University Press based on relevant disciplines of Tsinghua University. This study deeply analyzes the mechanism of collaborative development between scientific journals and discipline construction, and elucidates the multidimensional path and practical effects of collaborative development between scientific journals and discipline construction. [Findings] By constructing a collaborative development model of “discipline-journal-platform”, focusing on optimizing journal positioning based on disciplinary characteristics, publishing disciplinary construction achievements to promote disciplinary development, relying on disciplinary advantages to establish new journals to reshape academic discourse power, building academic exchange platforms to cultivate disciplinary talents, and other paths, a virtuous cycle of journals leading disciplinary directions and disciplines feeding back journal manuscript sources has been formed, and significant results have been achieved in journal construction and disciplinary development. [Conclusions] Scientific journals have deeply integrated into disciplinary construction through multidimensional paths, achieving comprehensive goals of academic leadership, talent cultivation, brand influence, and international competitiveness enhancement, accelerating the pace of becoming world-class journals. The coordinated development of scientific journals and disciplinary construction is of great significance for achieving high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement.
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[Purposes] To explore the current status of academic paper outflow in different countries and regions, and the structural characteristics of outflow papers in China, so as to provide decision-making reference for deepening the reform of scientific and technological evaluation and the construction of world-class scientific journals in China. [Methods] The InCites database was used as the data source to calculate the paper outflow in different countries and regions from 2014 to 2023, and the structural characteristics of outflow paper in China were analyzed in detail. [Findings] Among the 23 major countries in paper output and periodical publishing, 19 countries have a paper outflow rate of more than 80.00%, with the highest outflow rate in Singapore (99.00%) and the lowest in the United States (40.76%), and China ranks seventh with a paper outflow rate of 93.53%, but the number of papers outflow in 10 years has reached 4200140. China’s papers mainly flow to the United States, England, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany and other developed countries and regions; In the past 10 years, the outflow rate of papers in China has climbed from 89.90% to 94.43%, and the outflow rate of comprehensive social science papers is the highest (99.63%). [Conclusions] The outflow of a large number of papers is a common phenomenon in various countries and regions, however, the outflow of papers in China is particularly serious; China outflow papers mainly flow into developed countries and regions, while the number of papers flowing from abroad to China is at a relatively low level; China paper outflow rate has a clear upward trend, and the outflow of social science papers is more prominent.
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[Purposes] This study evaluates the international impact and competitiveness of Newly Established English STM Journals (NEEJ) in China from 2013 to 2024. [Methods] It analyzed 329 English-language journals supported by Excellence Action Plan for China STM Journals (EAPJ) and Project for Enhancing International Impact of China STM Journals (PIIJ). Using bibliometric methods, it systematically compared the impact metrics of NEEJ with JCR-indexed journals, incorporating source paper and citation data. [Findings] Results indicate significant improvements in NEEJ’s relative impact metrics, including Journal Impact Factor (JIF), 5-year JIF, JIF without self-citations, Immediacy Index, and Article Influence Score. However, total citations remain substantially lower than those of established international journals. Additionally, NEEJ exhibit limited publication volume and a low proportion of high-quality papers. The percentage of research articles and their contribution to total citations are also markedly lower. [Conclusions] To enhance the sustained academic impact of NEEJ, journals should prioritize substantive contributions to scholarly communication and foster academic influence. A coordinated effort among journals, academic associations, universities, research institutes, and policymakers is essential to systematically increase publication capacity. Furthermore, it should strategically establish more NEEJ in key disciplines to strengthen global research impact.
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[Purposes] To explore the evolutionary trend of academic misconduct and the contamination status of the literature pool, thereby providing a foundation and recommendations for targeted measures to improve scientific research integrity. [Methods] Retraction data from 1995 to 2024 were sourced from the Retraction Watch Database. The temporal evolution patterns of academic misconducts were analyzed based on the retraction reasons. The contamination status of the literature pool was analyzed based on the proposed real-time and cumulative pollution indices, as well as the temporal evolution of retraction delays and the citations of the retracted articles. [Findings] Traditional academic misconducts, including plagiarism, falsification, and duplication, have been persisting, while emerging misconduct such as image issues, fake peer review, paper mill, and randomly generated content have become mainstream reasons for retraction. The pollution indices of the literature pool are slowly rising, with the global cumulative pollution index reaching 2.8? and China’s real-time pollution index increases rapidly. The global average retraction delay is prolonged, and the h-index of the retracted articles mostly falls within the range of 60~90. [Conclusions] Global retractions exhibit characteristics of regional concentration, complex and concealed reasons, and slowly rising pollution indices of the literature pool. It is imperative to establish a monitoring and warning mechanism for academic misconduct, systematically standardize and optimize the retraction process, and scientifically construct quality assessment systems and control strategies to maintain the cleanliness of the literature pool.
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[Purposes] Under the background of interdisciplinary integration, this study explores the theoretical path for transforming comprehensive university journals from the current “patchwork” model of disciplines into transdisciplinary journals. Based on the current status of cross-disciplinary science science column development, an empirical analysis is conducted to assess the feasibility of transforming comprehensive university journals, providing a reference for their transformation. [Methods] Based on the concept of cross-disciplinary science, the concepts of cross-disciplinary science journals and cross-disciplinary science columns are proposed. Using the logical framework of cross-disciplinary science development as a transition to interdisciplinary fields, a theoretical model for the transformation of comprehensive university journals is constructed. Taking the statistical results of the construction of cross-disciplinary science columns in 25 normal university journals as an example, this paper analyzes the current status of transformation and development of comprehensive university journals. [Findings] Based on theoretical analysis, a theoretical model for the transformation and development of comprehensive journals is proposed: starting from the current mixed publishing model, transitioning through a phase of comprehensive cross-disciplinary science journals, and ultimately transforming into specialized cross-disciplinary journals. The statistical data show that in recent five years, 19 normal university journals have established 444 cross-disciplinary science columns, with 16 journals setting up 158 material science columns, 11 journals setting up 22 intelligent science and intelligent manufacturing columns, 8 journals setting up 26 life science and health columns, and 17 journals setting up 238 integrated science columns. Only 42 cross-disciplinary science columns are repeatedly appearing, accounting for 9.46%. From the perspective of academic impact, the integrated science columns set by normal universities have the highest average citations per paper (6.69), followed by life science and health columns (4.01), while intelligent science and intelligent manufacturing columns have the lowest average citations per paper (3.38). [Conclusions] The column statistics of natural science journals from normal universities indicate that they exhibit significant cross-disciplinary science features, with integrated science columns showing higher academic impact. However, the recurrence rate of cross-disciplinary science columns is not high. Comprehensive journals need to clarify their publication positioning, leverage the cross-disciplinary science advantages and teams of their sponsoring institutions, and reasonably set up cross-disciplinary science science columns in line with national strategic needs to achieve a transformation from the “patchwork” model to a cross-disciplinary science one.