Abstract:

[Purposes] Based on the Retraction Watch Database, the current situation of academic misconduct in scientific images is investigated, and descriptive analysis is conducted to provide data support for scientific research management departments to formulate policies. [Methods] "image" was used as the keyword of the "Reason(s) for Retraction" field, and all data related to academic misconduct in scientific images from the Retraction Watch Database were obtained. Combined with the journal partition table of Documentation and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the data were coded and compared in terms of Chinese and foreign authors, publishing institutions and journals, and unit types and regions. [Findings] There is a serious situation of academic misconduct in scientific images among authors in China, which is currently at a high incidence period and presents the characteristics of discipline concentration, regional concentration, and institution-type concentration, thus seriously affecting the academic image of Chinese authors. [Conclusions] It is recommended to build an academic publishing image database at the national level, put efforts into developing image detection technologies, establish an academic publishing ethics alliance, develop a communication mechanism between journals and authors and units, as well as the alliance and regulatory agencies, and efficiently report academic misconduct. It is also necessary to promote the change of unreasonable assessment systems, eliminate the motivation for scientific image fraud from the source, carry out education on academic misconduct in scientific images in hospitals and medical schools, and establish punishment mechanisms.

Key words: Retracted paper, Image ethics, Academic misconduct, Retraction Watch Database

摘要：

【目的】 基于撤稿观察数据库,调查科学图像学术不端行为现状并进行描述性分析,为科研管理部门制定政策提供数据支撑。【方法】 使用“image”作为“Reason(s) for Retraction”字段的检索关键字,获取撤稿观察数据库中与图像学术不端相关的全部数据,结合中国科学院文献情报中心期刊分区表对数据进行编码后,进行中外作者对比、出版机构与期刊、单位类型与区域等3个维度的分析。【结果】 我国作者的图像学术不端情况严重,目前处于高发期,呈现学科集中、区域集中、机构类型集中的特点,严重影响我国作者的学术形象。【结论】 建议从国家层面建设学术出版图像库,并集中力量开发图像检测技术;建立学术出版伦理联盟,形成期刊对作者和单位、联盟对主管机构沟通机制,高效通报学术不端行为;推动改变不合理的考核制度,从源头消除科学图像造假动机;在医院和医学院开展图像学术不端行为教育工作,建立惩罚机制。

关键词: 撤稿论文, 图像伦理, 学术不端, 撤稿观察数据库