Abstract:

[Purposes] This study aims to explore the differences in retraction reasons among different disciplines, journals with different influences, and different retraction time lags and provide references for Chinese scholars, scientific journals, and research management departments to actively solve paper retractions and academic misconduct based on the Retraction Watch database and Web of Science (WoS) database. [Methods] Through Retraction Watch database, the data on retraction reasons, publication time, retraction time, disciplines, and journals of Chinese papers retracted by international journals between 2016 and 2020 were item-by-item searched and analyzed. Through WoS database, this paper searched JCR divisions of the journals in which the papers were retracted, and compared the retraction reasons of papers in different disciplines, journals with different influences, and different retraction time lags. [Findings] The retraction reasons of Chinese scholars' papers in international journals are complex, and academic misconduct is the main reason, among which duplication/plagiarism is the most common problem. The main forms of academic misconduct are text duplication, data duplication, picture duplication, etc. There are statistically significant differences in the total retraction reasons and distribution of primary and secondary academic misconduct categories among different disciplines, journals with different influences, and different retraction time lags. [Conclusions] International journals show different reasons for the retraction of Chinese scholars' papers. It is recommended to combine the relevant characteristics, pay continuous attention to the diversity and complexity of retraction reasons, increase the efforts to combat academic misconduct, focus on preventing the problem of duplication/plagiarism, and establish a sound system of relevant paper retraction.

Key words: Retraction Watch database, Web of Science database, Paper retraction, Retraction reason, Academic misconduct

摘要：

【目的】 基于撤稿观察数据库并结合Web of Science(WoS)数据库,探讨不同学科、不同影响力期刊、不同撤销时滞的撤销原因差异,为国内学者、科技期刊、科研管理部门积极应对论文撤销和学术不端问题提供参考。【方法】 通过撤稿观察数据库,逐项检索统计2016—2020年国际期刊撤销中国学者论文的原因,论文发表时间、撤销时间、所属学科,撤销论文所在期刊等数据。通过WoS数据库,检索撤销论文所在期刊的JCR分区,比较分析不同学科、不同影响力期刊、不同撤销时滞的撤销原因差异。【结果】 国际期刊撤销我国学者论文的原因较为复杂,学术不端行为是主要撤销原因,重复/剽窃问题最为常见。学术不端行为的主要表现形式为文章重复、数据重复、图片重复等。不同学科、不同影响力期刊、不同撤销时滞在总体撤销原因及一级、二级学术不端行为分布等方面均具有显著统计学差异。【结论】 国际期刊撤销我国学者论文的原因呈现不同特征。建议结合相关特征,持续重视撤销原因多样性和复杂性,加大对学术不端行为的打击力度,重点防范重复/剽窃问题,建立健全相关论文撤销制度体系。

关键词: 撤稿观察数据库, Web of Science数据库, 论文撤销, 撤销原因, 学术不端