Abstract:

[Purposes] By analyzing the practice of international scientific journals, the authors summarize its characteristics and seek some valuable practice to Chinese scientific journals.[Methods] Some high quality journals andmajor publishing groupswere chosen as samples, which included Elsevier, Nature publishing group, OSA, PLoSONE and Cell.Investigation and analysiswere fulfilled on these samples.[Findings] Usually,these journals have detailed and transparent peer review policies.The peer review process are conducted by academ ic editors, whichmake itmore efficient.The reviewers’reports are specific and more constructive for authors to improve their papers.All these and other more characteristics bring it higher acceptance among authors.[Conclusions] There are some valuable practices for Chinese journals.To make a set of detailed policies on peer review is essential.In addition,the expertise of editorial board members should be relied on during the coordination of peer review.More incentivemeasures to reviewers should be supplied.Of course,we canmake full use of the relevant policies and guides supplied by related international organizations.

Key words: Peer review, Scientific journal, Practice, Elsevier, Nature publishing group, OSA, Cell, PLoSONE

摘要：

【目的】对国际大型出版机构和高水平期刊的同行评议实践进行分析,总结其特点,寻找可供借鉴的方面。【方法】选取国际上一些高水平科技期刊,包括商业出版机构Elsevier和Nature出版集团的期刊,学协会出版机构OSA的期刊,以及PLoSONE和Cell期刊为例,进行案例分析。【结果】国际期刊的同行评议一般有相对比较完整、细致的规范,科学的组织流程,有效的质量控制手段,评议结果更详细、透明,更具建设性,因此,也更易被被评议者——稿件的作者接受。【结论】国内科技期刊应制定详尽的同行评议政策,充分发挥编委在同行评议组织中的作用,提供有效的保障手段,为审稿人提供多样化的激励机制,也可以充分利用一些国际组织的相关政策和指南,通过这些途径进一步提高国内期刊同行评议的质量和效率。

关键词: 同行评议, 科技期刊, 实践, Elsevier, Nature出版集团, OSA, Cell, PLoSONE