Abstract:

Purposes Conduct a comprehensive scan of the international preprint development landscape to provide a scientific basis for science and technology development decision-making， aiming to promote the development of Chinese preprints and enhance their influence. Methods Based on the preprint database integrated on the WoS platform， preprints published on major platforms such as arXiv， bioRxiv， medRxiv， ChemRxiv， and Preprints were used as data sources. The disciplinary layout and institutional distribution were analyzed， and academic and social influence indicator models were constructed to analyze the development trend and influence of preprints both domestically and internationally. Findings In 2024， the total number of preprints published on major international platforms was 344 thousand， mainly concentrated in fields such as computer science， artificial intelligence， mathematics， and computer science software engineering， which received significant academic citations and social impact. According to statistics from China as the first author， the total number of preprints in China in 2024 is 50 thousand， an increase of 43.7% compared to 2023， mainly concentrated in fields such as computer science， artificial intelligence， software engineering， and mathematics. Conclusions Preprints have become an effective channel for accelerating scientific exchanges， and the scale and academic influence of preprints in China have grown rapidly. Over the past decade， the scale and social dissemination of international preprints have increased significantly. Although the average number of academic citations per Chinese preprint is not much different from that of the United States， China still lags behind some European and American countries in terms of social dissemination influence， including news coverage and mentions on social media platforms.

Key words: Preprint, Academic influence, Social influence

摘要：

目的 全面扫描国际预印本发展情况，为促进中国预印本发展、提升预印本影响力提供科技发展决策科学化依据。 方法 以WoS平台集成的预印本数据库为基础，以arXiv、bioRxiv、medRxiv、ChemRxiv、Preprints等主要平台发布预印本为数据来源，分析了学科布局、机构分布，构建学术影响力、社会影响力指标模型，分析国际国内预印本发展态势及影响力。 结果 2024年国际主要平台发布预印本总量为34.4万篇，主要集中在计算机科学人工智能、数学、计算机科学软件工程等领域，获得较多学术引用和社会影响。按照中国作为第一作者统计，2024年中国预印本总量为5.0万篇，较2023年增长43.7%，集中在计算机科学人工智能、软件工程、数学等领域。 结论 预印本已成为加快科学交流的有效渠道，中国预印本规模和学术影响力均快速增长。国际预印本规模与社会传播度在近10年显著提升，中国虽篇均学术引用与美国相近小，但新闻报道、社交平台提及等社会传播影响力仍与部分欧美国家存在差距。

关键词: 预印本, 学术影响力, 社会影响力