摘要：

【目的】 基于社会福利视角,运用经济学方法解析中文期刊数据库的定价机制,并提出中文期刊数据库发展建议。【方法】 通过构建期刊数据库需求函数,比较了4种类型数据库市场对社会总福利的影响;同时采用系统动力学分析方法,研究数据库独家垄断带来的锁定效应与负面影响。【结果】 以社会总福利最大化为目标,期刊数据库作为公共品由政府投资免费提供最优,其次为开放获取与同质竞争,垄断经营带来的社会福利最小;数据库商独家垄断还会带来锁定效应。【结论】 要提升社会总福利,政府须制定适宜的产业政策,抑制期刊的“独家授权”,鼓励高校自办期刊转向开放获取,推进第三方平台整合资源,探索由政府出资建立专题期刊公共数据库。

关键词: 期刊数据库, 定价机制, 社会福利, 锁定效应, 垄断

Abstract:

[Purposes] This paper aims to give an economic analysis of pricing mechanisms about Chinese academic journal databases from the perspective of social welfare optimization, and propose suggestions according to the results. [Methods] The impacts of four types of database markets on social welfare were compared through constructing demand function of journal databases. Lock-in and negative effects were revealed by system dynamics analysis. [Finding] Targeting the maximization of total social welfare, journal databases as public goods provided by the government is the best choice, next is open access and homogeneous competition, and monopoly provides minimal welfare. The monopoly also brings lock-in effect. [Conclusions] To promote the total social welfare, the government should formulate appropriate industrial policies, curb the exclusive licensing in transaction between editorial board and database providers, encourage journals open access which published by colleges, promote the resources integration by third-party platforms, and explore the establishment of a public database of special topic funded by the government.

Key words: Journal database, Pricing mechanisms, Social welfare, Lock-in effect, Monopoly