Abstract: ［Purposes］ This paper aims to optimize the peer reviewers by evaluating them. ［Methods］ 267 peer reviewers of Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology and 7756 reviewing records from 2011 to 2015 were chosen to analyze their review number, review time and review results. ［Findings］ Those who review manuscripts over 31 during 5 years were the core of the peer reviewers. 92.5% of the core reviewers and 74.2% of all reviewers could finish their tasks during 3 weeks. Review rejection was 5.0%, and nonsense review opinions were 10.5% .［Conclusions］ If editors want to guarantee the journal core reviewer team, peer reviewers must be optimized by good service and knowledge returns.

摘要： 【目的】通过对审稿专家的评价进而提出优化审稿专家的措施。【方法】 选取《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2011—2015年267位审稿专家7756条审稿记录，统计267位专家的审稿数量、审稿时滞及审稿结论。【结果】 通过统计和分析，5年间审稿篇次>31篇的66位专家是期刊的核心审稿专家，其中，审稿时滞在3周以内的专家占92.5%；审稿时滞上，就所有专家而言，74.2%的能在3周内审回稿件；审稿结论上，拒审占5.0%，无具体审稿意见或审稿意见过简无针对性的占10.5%。【结论】 要保证期刊的核心专家队伍，必须从专家和编辑两个层面进行改进。对专家适当取舍，保证核心审稿专家的数量；同时编辑应做好服务工作，重视专家的知识回报。