摘要：

【目的】开展科研诚信政策评估，为完善科研诚信制度建设、优化科研环境提供参考借鉴。【方法】 将实施科研诚信政策作为一项准自然实验，基于2013—2022年31个省（自治区、直辖市）撤销论文数据，运用交互固定效应模型评估该政策对撤销论文数量的影响，同时进行稳健性检验、安慰剂检验与异质性分析，进一步证实政策的效果。【结果】 实施科研诚信政策能够显著提高撤销论文数量。加入控制变量后，实施科研诚信政策将使撤销论文数量增加约10.8篇。科研诚信政策实施效果在国内不同地区具有显著差异。中西部地区实施效果显著，撤销论文数量平均增加约15.2篇。相反，东部和东北地区的实施效果并不显著。【结论】 应持续推动科研诚信政策落地，分类推进不同地区的科研诚信政策实施战略，加强学术期刊在科研诚信建设中的把关作用，多途径提升学术研究质量。

Abstract:

［Purposes］ This study evaluates research integrity policies to provide references for improving the construction of research integrity systems and optimizing the research environment. [Methods] We regarded the implementation of research integrity policies as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on the retracted paper data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) from 2013 to 2022, we employed the interactive fixed effect model to assess the impact of this policy on the number of retracted papers. Robustness tests, placebo tests, and heterogeneity analyses were carried out to further confirm the effectiveness of the policy. [Findings] The implementation of research integrity policies can significantly increase the number of retracted papers. After adding control variables, the implementation of research integrity policies will increase the number of retracted papers by about 10.8. The implementation effect of research integrity policies varies significantly in different regions of the country. The implementation effect is significant in the central and western regions, with the average number of retracted papers increasing by about 15.2. In contrast, the implementation effect in the eastern and northeastern regions is not significant. [Conclusions] We should continuously promote the implementation of research integrity policies. We need to promote the implementation strategy of research integrity policies in different regions by classification. We must strengthen the gatekeeping role of scientific journals in the construction of research integrity and improve the quality of academic research in multiple ways.

中图分类号: 

• 科研诚信政策

• 撤销论文

• 交互固定效应模型

• 政策评估

• Research integrity policy

• Retracted paper

• Interactive fixed effect model

• Policy evaluation