摘要： 【目的】探究OA模式是否能给文献带来更高的学术影响力。【方法】 本文引入双胞胎采样法，以Sciencedirect数据库中较高OA论文占比的14种复合OA期刊为研究对象，通过文献学术影响力的分析指标和不同的时间窗口，对OA论文和非OA论文的学术影响力进行对比研究。【结果】 在论文提前出版或者出版当年，OA论文获得比非OA论文更多的被引频次，但在出版后第二年及之后，OA论文在平均被引频次、高被引论文占比等方面的表现与非OA论文的差值渐渐缩小。【结论】 研究表明：（1）OA模式能够给论文带来的学术影响力上的提升在论文出版后的早期确实存在。（2）随着出版后时间的增加，OA论文在学术影响力上的优异表现逐渐弱化，OA论文和非OA论文学术影响力慢慢趋同。

Abstract: ［Purposes］ This paper aims to explore whether the OA pattern can bring higher academic impact. ［Methods］This article introduced twins data and took 14 hybrid open access journals with higher proportion of OA articles in the Sciencedirect database as the research object and compared the academic impact of OA articles and non-OA articles by different indicators and time windows. ［Findings］ In the year when the paper was published or published in advance, OA articles gain more citation than non-OA articles. However, the advantage gradually becomes narrow in the second year or more after publication.［Conclusions］The advantages of academic impact acquired by OA publication do exist in the early stage since publication, but it gradually weakens year by year.